ACL is attached to a depression on the posteromedial surface of the lateral condyle of femur. On the tibia it inserts into a fossa that is anterior and lateral to the anterior tibial spine. The tibial attachment is known to be stronger than the femoral attachment.
The ACL is intracapsular but is extrasynovial. Its course is anterior, medial, and distal from the femur to the tibia. Close your eyes and imagine this course. It will help you understand the mechanism of injury.
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament has 2 bands - the anteromedial band and the posterolateral band. During flexion when the back of the leg comes closer to the back of the thigh, the anterior band is taught. When the leg is straightened posterolateral band is tight.
Showing posts with label Anatomy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Anatomy. Show all posts
Anterior interosseous syndrome
Anatomy: Few inches distal to the cubital fossa, the median nerve gives a branch named anterior interosseous nerve, which travels on the interosseous membrane and supplies the flexor pollicis longus (flexor of the thumb), the flexor digitorum profundus to the radial 2 digits, and the pronator quadratus at its termination. The nerve innervates the pronator teres, flexor capri radialis, the flexor digitorum sublimis, and the 2 radial flexor digitorum profundus tendons.
Symptoms: include pain in the proximal forearm and weakness of the thumb and index finger. Affected persons cannot form a circle by pinching their thumb and index finger (ie, hyperextension of index distal interphalangeal joint and thumb interphalangeal joint).
Treatment: Medical treatment includes rest, NSAIDs (Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs), and splints. Surgical treatment includes exploration and release.
Symptoms: include pain in the proximal forearm and weakness of the thumb and index finger. Affected persons cannot form a circle by pinching their thumb and index finger (ie, hyperextension of index distal interphalangeal joint and thumb interphalangeal joint).
Treatment: Medical treatment includes rest, NSAIDs (Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs), and splints. Surgical treatment includes exploration and release.
Gastroschisis vs Omphalocele
Gastroschisis (a.k.a paraomphalocele or abdominoschisis) is a congenital abdominal wall defect in which the intestines and sometimes other organs develop outside the fetal abdomen through an opening in the abdominal wall. This defect is the result of obstruction of the omphalomesenteric vessels during development.
Omphalocele is a similar birth defect, but it involves the umbilical cord, and the organs remain enclosed in visceral peritoneum instead of coming in contact with AF directly.
Quiz
Q: A fish bone injured a kid's "Periformis fossa", the nerve damaged will affect which reflex?
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A:Gag reflex
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